The various vessels are called vascular disease, characterized by a disorder of venous blood flow, thinning of the veins, enlargement of their lumen and pathological enlargement.The vessels of the legs are most often affected.Mostly women get sick.The development of complications of varicose veins of the lower limbs is due to untimely or improper treatment.
A description of the complications
With varicose veins, the complications are local and common.The consequences of the disease can be:
- Faring syndrome.
- Phlebitis.
- Most commonly, hyperhidrosis of the affected limb (increased sweating) is observed.
- Clogging veins of a thrombus.
- The formation of trophic ulcers.
- Chronic venous deficiency.It is characterized by a violation of the process of venous blood.
- Varicose eczema.It develops as a result of germs under the skin and is characterized by inflammation of the surrounding tissues.The reason may be severe itching of the skin.The signs of eczema are redness of the skin, fever, burning, itching, peeling, soft tissue swelling and the presence of a bubble rash.
- Bleeding.
- The formation of non -compliant atrophic plaques.
- Court occlusion.
- Erysipelas.
- Changing skin color.
- Tissue seal (subcutaneous fat).
- Pulmonary artery thromboembolism.
Swelling
Edema is the most frequent complication of the disease.They can occur between 1 and 2 stages.The edema has the following distinctive characteristics:
- In the early stages, they occur with a long stay in the position of an upright or sitting position.This is due to the fact that the leakage of venous blood is difficult, leading to an increase in vascular permeability.The plasma impregnates the wall of the vessel and enters the surrounding tissues, causing swelling.
- They are reduced in a person's position.
- They occur mainly in the afternoon.
- The most pronounced in the area of the legs.An ankle office may appear.
- They are combined with weight in the legs, pain, itching, rapid fatigue and night convulsions.
- At the stage of decompensation, they become constant and do not disappear in the lying position.
- Are white and blue.Most often, milk swelling is observed in this disease.Blue edema shows thrombosis and ischemia of the tissues.Subsequently, with varicose veins, patients' skin acquires a black tint due to tissue necrosis.
Phlebitis
Complications of varicose veins of the lower limbs include phlebitis.It is acute or chronic inflammation of the vein wall.The outer sheath of the vessel is most often affected.Signs of phlebitis include skin tenderness at the site of vessel localization, limb tension, redness and skin compaction, the presence of red stripes, general malaise and fever.Chronic phlebitis continues with deleted symptoms.
Thrombophlebitis
A terrible complication is thrombophlebitis.It is characterized by the presence of a thrombus (blood clot) and simultaneous inflammation of the vessel.Only 1 limb is influenced.Most often, this complication develops at 40-50 years.The manifestations of thrombophlebitis after varicose veins are chills, fever, rupture in the legs, swelling (after squeezing the tissues, deepening remains), cyanosis of the skin, palpation pain, local hyperthermia and swelling of the superficial veins.
Thrombosis
With varicose veins, thrombosis includes complications.With this pathology, a clot is formed in the lumen of the vessel, which is attached to the venous wall.The blood clot can block the lumen of the vessel, which makes blood flow.The formation of a blood clot contributes to the slowdown of blood flow, the deficiency of the venous valves and the thickening of the blood.
Trophile ulcers of type
Against the background of the disorders of the venous blood flow, the nutrition of the tissues worsens.The skin becomes sharper and thick, which increases the risk of damage.In the conditions of ischemia, even the smallest damage (scratches) can cause the formation of a trophic ulcer.These defects are also formed with tissue necrosis.Most often, ulcers occur with the enlargement of the veins, complicated by chronic venous insufficiency.
In most cases, the legs are affected.The appearance of an ulcer is preceded by atrophy of the tissues, against which a deep defect is formed.It is superficial at first, but then spreads into the subcutaneous tissue.Multiple defects can merge, forming large foci.Ulcers can be complicated by purulent skin damage, inflammation of the periosteum, arthritis and osteomyelitis.
Thromboembolism of the artery
Pulmonary artery thromboembolism is the most dangerous complication for varicose veins of the lower limbs.This happens as a result of the separation of a fragment of a thrombus and blocking the basic vessels.This condition is characterized by:
- shortness of breath;
- pallor of the skin;
- cough;
- Inhibition of consciousness;
- sweating;
- fever;
- Falling blood pressure.
Pulmonary embolism is likely to death.
Venous bleeding
The cause of bleeding is the thinning of the vascular wall.With damage to the surface veins, it is most often short.The blood is dark red and flowed slowly.Additional symptoms are the pallor of the skin, the rapid heart and the adynamia.The most dangerous internal bleeding from deep veins.
How to avoid negative consequences
In order to avoid complications of varicose veins of the lower limbs, it is necessary to start treatment in a timely manner and adhere to a prescription.Self -measurement is unacceptable.Varicose vein therapy includes:
- Elimination of risk factors (rejection of smoking and alcohol, increasing motor activity, reducing static loading, refusing stuck work, correction of body weight, normalizing hormonal background, rejection of weight lifting, wearing high -level shoes and narrow underwear).
- Physical education of physiotherapy (a set of exercises).
- Normalizing food.There should be products rich in vitamin B in the diet of patients.
- Wearing compression linen.
- The use of folk remedies (compressed with bitter wormwood, infusions and decoctions based on herbs).Calendula, chamomile, series, lemon, lemon balm and hawthorn are used for varicose veins.